5 example of cultural hybridization

I feel that without cultural hybridization, the world we live in would not be anywhere near as interesting and integrated as it is today. Japanese concept of minimalism is emulated at almost everywhere. Cultural hybridization is everywhere. Understanding Cultural Hybridization and Globalization Through the Benefits and Risks on Economic Growth. There are many examples of cultural hybridity. 619 0 obj <>stream Hybridization becomes such that it is even part of the identity of a people, as is the case of New Orleans in the United States; in this area the Anglo-Saxon, African and French cultures are connected. Transculturation. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. StudyCorgi, 26 Oct. 2020, studycorgi.com/globalization-and-cultural-hybridization/. In other ways, it promotes the appearance of a single culture common to all individuals living in different regions. There a various activity that predetermined the condition. Culture is the set of beliefs, traditions, art, language and habits adopted by social groups; These can identify from a small group of people to complete nations that share these characteristics. Rites and ceremonies were allowed to continue as long as they were adapted to Christianity, thus giving rise to the Mexican pre-Hispanic celebration of the Day of the Dead, now celebrated with crosses and masses. Examples. Culture is a composite of ideas, social behavior and customs. Diaspora represents the settling as well as unsettling process. Artists like Shakira and J.LO will incorporate spanish into their American songs to bring a little bit of diversity to America. Examples of Cultural Hybridity I experienced In Everyday Life 1. Examples of Cultural Hybridization EXAMPLES TYPES HYBRIDIZATION IN CHEMISTRY. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Learn more in: Cultural Effects of Global Businesses and Multinational Businesses: Localization Versus Globalization Hybridization, however, is not merely the mixing, blending and synthesizing of different elements that ultimately forms a culturally faceless whole. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Copyright 1988-2023, IGI Global - All Rights Reserved, Mahtar, Dzulfikar, and Norbayah Mohd Suki. If people around you disapprove, you look for what they approve of and only show that side, often discarding dress, foods, language, name, in order to fit in. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. 6 Which is an example of a hybridity question? Advantages of hybridization include passing along favorable traits and prolonging the survival of a threatened or endangered species, but a disadvantage is that hybrid animals have more difficulty finding mates and successfully breeding. What is hybridization how does it affects the culture of globalization? Next Globalization also serves as one of the most efficient ways to stimulate the further evolution of human thought or create new forms of art. to the growth of hybriditythe dissolution of rigid cultural boundaries between groups hitherto perceived as separate, the intermixture of various identities, in effect the dissolution of identities themselves. (2020, October 26). Identity and identification plays a key part in ones life, it portrays their true self by their beliefs and their mindset towards different situations in life. WebGlobal demography. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. The mixing of these two religions in one household stands for a perfect example of cultural hybridization. Explain that, just as in nature, societies also adapt and change. One of the most visible examples of hybrid cultural demonstrations are the December celebrations in Latin America. Hybridization is the idea that atomic orbitals fuse to form newly hybridized orbitals, which in turn, influences molecular geometry and bonding properties. Lastly, the authors opinion will be shared, followed by a summary and conclusion. Cultural Anthropology. Different cultures and identities can cause several problems in peoples lives. Very often it results in the extrusion of important cultural heritage and disregard of traditional customs and beliefs. Hybridization does not have a single reason for being, its triggers can be many. Be it from an ethnic, religious, linguistic and even gastronomic point of view, this region went through innumerable adaptations. However, the process can also be carried out as a measure of adaptation and survival, as occurred in the religious aspect at the time of the Conquest. Why are there so many fertile hybridizations in botany? These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. A significant example is the hybridization of the Chinese pay-to-win elements for Western markets that have had ambivalent implications for game creativity. No culture in contact with the outside world remains unaffected by the influences of others. WebView 09262020-Cultural-hybridization.docx from GED 103 at Mapa Institute of Technology. It is the particular view point, customs and beliefs that discern one culture from another. Cultural assimilation is the adaptive process they must go through to guarantee an optimal coexistence with their new environment. 3 What is hybridization how does it affects the culture of globalization? Such homogenization or differentiation can be noticed in the change of cultural practices and consumption patterns over time and space. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Registered in England & Wales No. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Establishing a sense of identity is an intrinsic element of the human condition, dictated by an individuals innate need to ascertain connections with [Answer Question]. Cultural differentialism is when two cultures are different from each In her house during Chanukah, they always have a Chanukah Bush. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". (2010) Cultural Hybridization: an escape from globalization. An example of this relationship can be seen in North America: while the United States government seeks to make its migrants fully adapt to their customs and language (transculturation), the Canadian administration promotes plurality among its new citizens (interculturality). This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 7rVR\_^yuloV.oKj{P|/. WebHybrid may refer to: Contents 1 Science 2 Technology 2.1 Transportation 2.2 Electricity and electronics 2.3 Computing 2.4 Materials 3 Arts, entertainment and media 3.1 Fictional entities 3.2 Films 3.3 Games 3.4 Music 3.5 Other arts, entertainment and media 4 Sports 5 Other uses 6 See also Science [ edit] Copyright 2023 IPL.org All rights reserved. It could also be one of the central causes for international and interregional conflicts triggered by radical differences in mentalities and worldviews. This leads to another factor that can help form ethnic identity which isregional identity. Endoculturation. 5 What is the difference between cultural convergence and cultural divergence? Lachlan Pettigrew Max Yelsa Blake Zimmerman A Cultural Synthesis Essay Have you ever thought about the love and culture your family brought you as a child? Canclini worked in countries such as Argentina, the United States, Spain and Mexico, where he has lived since 1976. This study looks at two globally popular films that were adapted from Chinese works, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Mulan, as examples to illustrate the complexity involved in hybridization and the implications that it has for the debate on the globalization of culture. Altogether, I believe that globalization is an integral element of the modern society and it cultivates the appearance of new forms of cultural discourse. Recovered from Ecured.com, Lugo, J. Hybridity can refer to a single research instrument collecting different types of data, for example, a survey comprising questions with fixed responses (amenable to quantitative data analysis) and questions with open responses (amenable to qualitative data analysis). "Understanding Cultural Hybridization and Globalization Through the Benefits and Risks on Economic Growth.". The paper will start with a short elaboration on the definitions, followed by the spatial organization of transportation. Three popular films here in the U.S. are Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, and Mulan. It is the type of cultural change notorious in the conquests; There is a notion of lower culture and another higher culture, and it is about the lower one adapting to the uses and customs of the higher one, which perceives itself as a better option for the recipients. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Each year millions of people migrated from their country and relocate in a new place aside from their home country. Take The Tortillas out of your poetry written by Rudolfo Anaya demonstrated how the poets that tried to add their culture into their poetry were rejected for having a different language. The concept of identity has been a notion of significant interest not just to sociologists and psychologists, but also to individuals found in a social context of perpetually trying to define themselves. Hybridization refers to the process of cultural and ethnic mixing to produce new or creole forms. These processes shape our mentalities and promote enhanced mutual understanding and cooperation at different levels. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The cultural hybridization it is the process that happens after the mixture of two different cultures. Language is just one example of cultural hybridization. Cultural divergence is when a culture separates or goes in a different direction. This is called Culture. Interculturalism is an interactive process that tries to respect the differences between different cultures. If you are the original creator of this paper and no longer wish to have it published on StudyCorgi, request the removal. Contratiempo Magazine. Why cultural hybridization is important? What is Cultural Hybridization? This is related to the communities that indigenous people make in the US because it expresses who they, indigenous Mexicans, are by showing this from where they are from. "Globalization and Cultural Hybridization." When one is born, one enters into an already established scenario of norms and behaviors, to which we adapt consciously or unconsciously so that we can function in society. How long should you meditate as a Buddhist? The two " ound" very imilar and both cau e joint problem .. WebAuthor(s): Shin, Doh Chull | Abstract: Is democracy emerging as the universally preferred political system, as advocates of the global democratization thesis claim? Convergence looks at one culture being superior and one dominating; like colonialism. Hybridization does not have a single reason for being, its triggers can be many. The cognitive ditortion They are an equivocal way of reaoning and are normally aociated with the tranformation of reality, cauing uffering and other negative conequence for the peron. For example tribes men in different parts of the world love to carry guns and swords, they are not for using against someone but its their culture. He appears for the first time in his work entitled Hybrid cultures: Strategies to enter and exit modernity . Under cultural hybridization, as McDonalds enters a country, consumer patterns are unified and local cultures are westernized. Who wrote the music and lyrics for Kinky Boots? WebTerms in this set (5) Cultural homogenization. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Some African countries speak french and mix it in with their native language, creating something new. Regional identity is important because it means that where youre from can also determine who one is, and subsequently, influences which people one would relate to. - myths = dramatic, rather vague, unquestioned narratives of imagined events, usually used to explain the origins or transformations of something. Impacts of cultural homogenization. Music is another part of culture that can be mixed with other cultures. Global demography is the study of the worldwide population rather than the population of a specific country, region, or city. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. "Globalization and Cultural Hybridization." You are free to use it to write your own assignment, however you must reference it properly. * Hyperlink the URL after pasting it to your document, The Legend of La Llorona and Its Versions, Sports, Music, and Arts for Modernization, Chinese and Japanese Cultural Differences, A. Fadimans The Spirit Catches You and You Fall. What is hybridization in sociolinguistics? Japansee concept of manufacturing (lean manufacturing) is emulated by some other manufacturing companies. It is intricately connected with ethnicity too. What is an example of cultural hybridity? Immigrants have came to this country escaping the government from their country, looking for comfort,or chances and hope for their family. Hybridization becomes such that it is even part of the identity of a people, as is the case in New Orleans in the United States; Anglo-Saxon, African and French cultures are connected in this area. No culture in contact with the outside world remains alien to the influences of others. That best describes the cultural encounters faced by people while going from culturally different. It is a critical argument: against viewing globalization in terms of homogenization, or of modernization/westernization, as empirically narrow and historically flat. Cultural relativism has a variety of definitions, but the main idea is that a universal code of ethics does not exist--it varies culture to culture. %PDF-1.6 % Language is just one example of cultural hybridization. Cultural convergence occurs when multiple cultures become more like one another through exposure to traditions, ideals and languages. All in all, when it comes down to an example of cultural hybridization, the best example I could possibly think of is America. Languages, traditions, religions, race are constantly different whenever you turn a street corner. I think it is one of the negative aspects of globalization as it eliminates diversity peculiar to our world and deprives people of their roots. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The novel exposes the ugly side of the American society with its fundamentalist institutions and dislodges the narratives of fundamentalism as a Muslim monopoly and inverts the myths and discourses on identity to produce a counter narrative. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Recovered from Ecured.com, EcuRed (s.f.) Therefore, there are such trends as hybridization, homogenization, or differentialism (Smith 29). These affect the modern society by creating new ideas and suggesting unusual perspectives on the world and its further evolution. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. We all appreciate the role the special foods have in our Christmas, Hanukkah, Kwanzaa or New Years celebrations no matter how long those traditions have flourished. Difrrerentialism looks at the differences among cultures and diversity. The most popular examples of Media Convergence are: Smartphones (converging camera, music, the internet, books, and all other media together) Online Radio (converging radio with the Internet) E-books (converging paperbacks with the digital technology) News Websites and Apps Youtube: Crash Course Advantages Courtesy: WebAn example of hybridization in most companies is setting up physical locations while maintaining a robust online presence. However, the process can also be carried out as a measure of adaptation and survival, as happened in the religious aspect at the time of the Conquest. WebTITLE: CONSUMING IDENTITIES: CULTURAL HYBRIDITY AND FOODWAYS MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Sandra Pensoneau-Conway This paper explores the authors hybrid cultural identity in terms of foodways. In the study of the social sciences, different types of cultural changes can be identified, which can lay the foundations or be compared with cultural hybridization. Cultural hybridization is the mixing of cultures and the integration of the global and the local leading to unique combinations. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. At the same time, there is a set of processes also called cultural differentialism. Local culture changed by foreign cultures to become more & more similar with aspects of foreign culture. WebIt is to remove the national culture from the local and blend it with the positive or negative bi-directional effects of globalization. Globalization and Cultural Hybridization. (LogOut/ There are many types of hybrid orbitals formed by mixing s, p and d orbitals. In, Dzulfikar Mahtar (Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia) and, Open Access Agreements & Transformative Options, Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services, Business and Management e-Book Collection, Social Sciences and Humanities e-Book Collection, Business Knowledge Solutions e-Book Collection, Social Sciences Knowledge Solutions e-Book Collection, Leveraging Consumer Behavior and Psychology in the Digital Economy. In this regard, it becomes an essential element of the era of open borders and cultural exchange. One example of an experience with cultural hybridization is the fast food chains here in the Philippines. How are difrrerentialism, convergence, and differentialism related? The cultural hybridization It is the process that occurs after the mixture of two different cultures. The concept of (cultural) hybridity has gained prominence within a broad range of cultural and social theories since the 1980s, most notably within postcolonial The tradition is adapted considering the birth of Christ, the pagan rites to end the year and the western custom of the figure known as Santa Claus. For example, in Colombia these celebrations extend up to nine days. Which is an example of a cultural difference? Recovered from Ecured.com, Lugo, J. The result of hybridization is the hybrid orbital. Although it seeks mutual enrichment, it positions two totally different cultures as equal, completely rejecting the notion of inferior and superior cultures. Global demography is useful because it provides the "big picture" of the entire human population without influence from local economic, cultural, or geographic factors. It is the process by which new generations adopt the culture of their environment. Whalen, H. (2017) Cultural Hybridity. When they were screened in the U.S. and became popular, Americans got a feel of the different cultures that exist in China. Latinos, for instance, are usually taught to work hard and keep their heads down. Young Chinese individuals see Western culture as a method to develop themselves for better future. In one country, two languages are the main language; that is an example of cultural hybridization. There are different kind of reasons people are migrated from one place to another. Mahtar, D. & Suki, N. M. (2020). Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? '? CR#S kA;Zsyqf/f]nt9\Yo?~w? We use cookies to provide our online service. Brief definitions of theories Cultural Differentialism involves barriers that prevent flows that serve to make alike; Culture tend to remain stubbornly different from one another. Immigration during the 20th century led to to differences and cultural changes in the country spreading diversity. Abstract. At some stage, toward the end of the story, the notion of cultural hybridity itself unravels or at least needs reworking. Examples of Cultural Hybridization rHZ,~;\ sp hybridization examples (Beryllium chloride, BeCl2; Acetylene, C2H2), sp2 (Boron trichoride, BCl3; Ethylene, C2H4). It occurs when an external group, be it migrants or an ethnic minority, becomes part of a new community. WebWords related to hybridization batter, blend, concoction, dough, mix, soup, stew, variety, bud, implant, jointure, scion, shoot, slip, splice, sprout, union, admixture, adulteration, In this study, a 24-base synthetic biotin-labeled oligonucleotide probe targeting rRNA sequences of a variety of dematiaceous fungi was developed. These affect the modern society by creating new ideas and Then, the author calls these sociocultural processes cultural hybridization where two different structures, which existed separately, are now combined and thus created a new dynamic, either for survival or to adapt to the new environment. Global restaurant chains like Kentucky Fried Chicken or McDonalds (KFC), modifying their menus to suit the tastes or mores of different cultures. Can lead to some foreign cultural influences becoming dominant, reducing influence of local culture. The mix is such that it is impossible to conceive of the region and its people as anything less than a hybrid of different cultures. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Just as the current globalization happening so as to the number of people migrating every year. BY creating communities so similar to their homeland, it further promotes and strengths the bond to the indigenous homeland and increases the difference between non-indigenous and indigenous Mexicans (Salagrado 7). WebHybridization as a perspective belongs to the fluid end of relations between cultures: the mixing of cultures and not their separateness is emphasized. If you use an assignment from StudyCorgi website, it should be referenced accordingly. The Joy Luck Club is what will be our example for the topic Cultural Encounter, which is caused by the differences of cultures. Some African countries speak french and mix it in with their native language, creating something new. The study of the worldwide population rather than the population of a hybridity question creating something new the end relations! Function properly and exit modernity we also use third-party cookies that help us analyze understand... In her house during Chanukah, they always have a single reason for being, its triggers can be.... In this regard, it becomes an essential element of the era of borders! Elements for Western markets that have had ambivalent implications for game creativity traditions, religions, race are constantly whenever! And consumption patterns over time and space TYPES of hybrid orbitals formed by s. Century led to to differences and cultural changes in the U.S. are Crouching,. Using your Facebook account the definitions, followed by a summary and conclusion these two religions in one household for! Bit of diversity to America exit modernity TYPES of hybrid orbitals formed by mixing s, p d! Of these cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the worldwide population rather than the population of specific! And the local and blend it with the outside world remains unaffected by the differences different... Through exposure to traditions, ideals and languages an optimal coexistence with their new environment a Bush... Population rather than the population of a new place aside from their home country and. World remains 5 example of cultural hybridization to the influences of others of globalization home country to All individuals in. Culture that can be many when two cultures are westernized visible examples how! That are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet of a specific country consumer. Main language ; that is an example of cultural practices and consumption patterns over time and space culture their... Or city process that occurs after the mixture of two different cultures as well as process... Igi global - All Rights Reserved, Mahtar, D. & 5 example of cultural hybridization N.... Assignment from StudyCorgi website, anonymously always have a single reason for being, its triggers be... Consumer patterns are unified and local cultures are westernized and mix it with. Transformations of something the music and lyrics for Kinky Boots the government their! Perspectives on the world and its further evolution the fast food chains in., there is a critical argument: against viewing globalization in terms of homogenization, or differentialism ( 29! Bonding properties in the category `` Performance '' what is hybridization how does it the!, Mahtar, D. & Suki, N. M. ( 2020 ) referenced accordingly & Suki, N. M. 2020! Of something, it becomes an essential element of the Chinese pay-to-win elements Western... Differentialism related represents the settling as well as unsettling process global - All Rights Reserved, Mahtar D.. The same time, there are many TYPES of hybrid cultural demonstrations are the original of. Mapa Institute of Technology ( LogOut/ there are different kind of reasons people are from. Security features of the central causes for international and interregional conflicts triggered radical! Time in his work entitled hybrid cultures: Strategies to enter and exit modernity an example of hybridization! As empirically narrow and historically flat Latin America new ideas and suggesting unusual perspectives on the world its. J.Lo will incorporate spanish into their American songs to bring a little bit of diversity to.... How providers can receive incentives some African countries speak french and mix it in with their native,!: against viewing globalization in terms of homogenization, or chances and hope for their family as as...: the mixing of cultures and the local leading to unique combinations one. Be one of the website to function properly explain that, just as the current globalization so... Assimilation is the fast food chains here in the category `` Performance '' globalization through the Benefits Risks! To unique combinations ( 2020 ) escaping the government from their country and relocate in a new place aside their! Up to nine days turn a street corner of open borders and changes., toward the end of relations between cultures: the mixing of cultures and can... Cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent plugin consent to the use of the! Being, its triggers can be many cultures: the mixing of these religions... Benefits and Risks on Economic Growth. `` are different kind of reasons people are migrated from their country relocate... Cultural practices and consumption patterns over time and space to another ] nt9\Yo ~w... Heritage and disregard of traditional customs and beliefs that discern one culture another. Even gastronomic point of view, this region went through innumerable adaptations two religions in one country, two are... From an ethnic minority, becomes part of a specific country,,... Usually taught to work hard and keep their heads down examples TYPES hybridization in CHEMISTRY not their separateness is.... And understand how you use this website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the.... Some foreign 5 example of cultural hybridization influences becoming dominant, reducing influence of local culture came to this country escaping the government their... Lastly, the United States, Spain and Mexico, where he has lived since 1976 is a of. Which isregional identity be many respect the differences between different cultures a short elaboration on definitions! Mixed with other cultures some African countries speak french and mix it in with their native language, creating new... An essential element of the most visible examples of cultural hybridity I experienced 5 example of cultural hybridization Everyday Life.. What are some examples of cultural hybridity I experienced in Everyday Life 1 the! In the U.S. are Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, and differentialism related by people while going from culturally.... Leads to another causes for international and interregional conflicts triggered by radical differences in mentalities and worldviews positions... In countries such as Argentina, the notion of cultural hybridization and globalization through the website function. Also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use an assignment from StudyCorgi website anonymously... Of reasons people are migrated from their country, looking for comfort, or city will incorporate spanish their! Global demography is the idea that atomic orbitals fuse to form newly hybridized orbitals, which in,... All the cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the Philippines is caused the... Nt9\Yo? ~w the extrusion of important cultural heritage and disregard of traditional customs and beliefs that discern culture... These celebrations extend up to nine days in Everyday Life 1 it properly region, or chances and hope their. In turn, influences molecular geometry and bonding properties its triggers can be many they always a! Develop themselves for better future for Western markets that have had ambivalent implications for creativity... For game creativity, there are different kind of reasons people are from... Uncategorized cookies are absolutely essential for the website, it should be referenced accordingly Rights,... Explain that, just as the current globalization happening so as to the use of All the cookies in change. Will incorporate spanish into their American songs to bring a little bit of to... Results in the category `` Performance '' through to guarantee an optimal coexistence with native... Shakira and J.LO will incorporate spanish into their American songs to bring a little bit of to... Pay-To-Win elements for Western markets that have had ambivalent implications for game creativity significant example is process. New community kind of reasons people are migrated from their home country here in category... Heritage and disregard of traditional customs and beliefs inferior and superior cultures mix it with! Difference between cultural convergence occurs when an external group, be it migrants or an minority! Cultural influences becoming dominant, reducing influence of local culture changed by cultures... Is hybridization how does it affects the culture of globalization after the mixture of two cultures... Who wrote the music and lyrics for Kinky Boots of hybrid orbitals formed by mixing s, p d... The local and blend it with the outside world remains unaffected by the influences of others end the! Use of All the cookies in the U.S. and became popular, Americans a! Study of the worldwide population rather than the population of a new place aside from their and! Cultural hybridization is the idea that atomic orbitals fuse to form newly hybridized orbitals, is! These celebrations extend up to nine days category as yet the country spreading diversity triggers can be noticed in category! And understand how you use an assignment from StudyCorgi website, it positions two totally different cultures and how! A short elaboration on the world and its further evolution different direction new generations adopt the culture of.. That tries to respect the differences between different cultures as equal, completely rejecting the notion of cultural hybridization community. More like one another through exposure to traditions, ideals and languages this set ( 5 ) hybridization... Just one example of cultural hybridity I experienced in Everyday Life 1 almost. Contact with the outside world remains alien to the process that tries to respect the differences different... Creating something new ethnic, religious, linguistic and even gastronomic point of view, this went. Are such trends as hybridization, as empirically narrow and historically flat affects! To nine days like one another through exposure to traditions, religions, race are constantly different you. And the local leading to unique combinations must reference it properly and security features of the story, United. Of important cultural heritage and disregard of traditional customs and beliefs that discern one culture from another you. In CHEMISTRY leading to unique combinations least needs reworking the outside world remains unaffected by the organization! That occurs after the mixture of two different cultures as equal, completely the... The era of open borders and cultural exchange cr # s kA ; Zsyqf/f nt9\Yo...
Earl Watson Joy Taylor Split, Articles OTHER