what was the first country to abolish slavery

Angelina Grimk, Courtesy: Massachusetts Historical Society. Who was the last country to end slavery? Overproduction and economic deterioration. When you login first time using a Social Login button, we collect your account public profile information shared by Social Login provider, based on your privacy settings. Learn how Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, and their Abolitionist allies Harriet Beecher Stowe, John Brown, and Angelina Grimke sought and struggled to end slavery in the United States. Was there a movement for "humane" slavery? It seems to be assumed that this was in a large part a financial move (the serfs were supposed to pay the crown for their freedom), but the principle was applied to foreign slaves imported into France thereafter, to no financial benefit to the crown. Haitian revolutionaries were the architects of Frances 1793 and 94 abolition and they founded an abolitionist state in the Americas in 1804. The U.S. was one of the last countries to abolish slavery If Your Time is short Mexico, Britain, France, and Denmark had all abolished slavery before the United States adopted the 13th. In 1820, a bitter debate over the federal governments right to restrict slavery over Missouris application for statehood ended in a compromise: Missouri was admitted to the Union as a slave state, Maine as a free state and all western territories north of Missouris southern border were to be free soil. In 1781 the legislature voted to free slaves who fought with the rebels during the Revolutionary War. The majority of all people enslaved in the New World came from West Central Africa. Although the Missouri Compromise was designed to maintain an even balance between slave and free states, it was able to help quell the forces of sectionalism only temporarily. The fight for abolition was a long struggle requiring a great deal of endurance and effort from many selfless individuals and groups fighting for the freedom of African Americans. The USA abolished the slave trade in 1808. Regardless of size it's deals with social and cultural development irrelevant of size of the country. It was not until the ratification of the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, in 1865, that slavery was formally abolished ( here ). The vast majority of Jamaicans are of African descent, with minorities of Europeans, East Indians, Chinese, Middle Eastern, and others of mixed ancestry. Why I "picked on" your answer. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! In 1772, Somerset v Stewart held that slavery had no basis in English law and was thus a violation of habeas corpus. It's a site that collects all the most frequently asked questions and answers, so you don't have to spend hours on searching anywhere else. 05/04/2021. Once your account is created, you'll be logged-in to this account. And even then, the Abolition Act was similarly spurred on by a major rebellion in Jamaica in 1831-32. Who were the 6 leaders of the abolition movement? But it wouldnt last. What did Frederick Douglass do to end slavery? On January 1, 1804, Dessalines declared the country independent and renamed it . To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Book about a good dark lord, think "not Sauron". The Age of Abolition 1781 to 1920 Abolition Spreads Worldwide 1909 to 1949 Abolition in Recent Times 1950 to 1999 Abolition in the 21st Century 2000 to Now John Brown, Courtesy: Library of Congress. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Is there a more recent similar source? As France marks the bicentenary of the death of Napoleon Bonaparte on May 5, his role in reinstating slavery after it was abolished prompts a renewed look at his legacy. This month, weve been marking the bicentennial of that event by talking about new scholarship on slavery and the world the slaves made. Though Lincolns anti-slavery views were well established, the central Union war aim at first was not to abolish slavery, but to preserve the United States as a nation. My point: you're nit picking about poorly defined criteria. Can the Spiritual Weapon spell be used as cover? Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. The historian Marcel Trudel catalogued the existence of about 4,200 slaves in Canada between 1671 and 1834, the year slavery was abolished in the British Empire. Slavery's final legal death in New Jersey occurred on January 23, 1866, when in his first official act as governor, Marcus L. Ward of Newark signed a . The practice reportedly affects up to 20% of the countrys 3.5 million population (pdf, p. 258), most of them from the Haratin ethnic group. Although the Taino referred to the island as Xaymaca, the Spanish gradually changed the name to Jamaica. The Portuguese first began to kidnap people from the west coast of Africa and to take those they enslaved back to Europe. That is the current mindset heavily influenced by the "all men are created equal" line of thought. His brother-in-law, Charles Leclerc, led the effort to deport LOuverture and waged a war of extermination., Here is my opinion on this country, Leclerc wrote in a letter to Bonaparte on Oct. 7, 1802 we must destroy all of the black people in the mountains men and women and spare only children under twelve years of age. EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Limited Or Anthology Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Supporting Actor In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actor In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie. Article 2 stated: Slavery is forever abolished. By abolishing slavery in its entirety, Haiti also abolished the slave trade, unlike the two-step approach of the European nations and the United States. After that conflict and the Emancipation Proclamation of 1862, he continued to push for equality and human rights until his death in 1895. British pressure on other countries resulted in them agreeing to end the slave trade from Africa. Best Known For: William Lloyd Garrison was an American journalistic crusader who helped lead the successful abolitionist campaign against slavery in the United States. 1803 Denmark-Norway becomes the first country in Europe to ban the African slave trade, forbidding trading in slaves and ending the importation of slaves into Danish dominions. It only takes a minute to sign up. Which was the first civilization to ban existing slavery with a law? One country to have recently abolished slavery was Mauritania. RV coach and starter batteries connect negative to chassis; how does energy from either batteries' + terminal know which battery to flow back to? Introduction. Was there slavery in Scotland? The 13th Amendment, adopted on December 18, 1865, officially abolished slavery, but freed Black peoples status in the post-war South remained precarious, and significant challenges awaited during the Reconstruction period. Russia essentially abolished slavery in 1679. But on read more, Is there any good way to teach children about lynching? Bonaparte sent an army to restore Saint Domingue to colonial order. Frederick Douglass, Courtesy: New-York Historical Society. For example, if Civilization X never had slavery and it makes a law banning it, it won't count for this purposes. Norway abolished slavery in 1274. That includes a number of right-wing sites that are saying Lemon was schooled and a number of other verbs, where I think a more accurate description for Lemon would be stunned someone would be this ignorant.. By 1860 it had reached nearly 4 million, with more than half living in the cotton-producing states of the South. Is Koestler's The Sleepwalkers still well regarded? It wasnt until 2015 that the money borrowed was fully repaid, meaning most U.K. adults contributed to paying off this debt used to pay enslavers. But the rumors that France would reinstitute slavery in Saint Domingue sparked the war for Haitian independence in October 1802. New York had the greatest number, with just over 20,000. But by sidestepping the slavery issue, the framers left the . In the 17th and 18th centuries, enslaved Africans worked mainly on the tobacco, rice and indigo plantations of the southern coast, from the Chesapeake Bay colonies of Maryland and Virginia south to Georgia. The South American country was the last place in the Americas to abolish slavery and that period coincided with a boom in the then new medium of photography. Between 1774 and 1804, most of the northern states abolished slavery or started the process to abolish slavery, but the institution of slavery remained vital to the South. Did you know? When did slavery become banned? Most modern historians generally agree that slavery continued in Britain into the late 18th century, finally disappearing around 1800. Thanks for contributing an answer to History Stack Exchange! It seems that the leader (attempted to) banned slavery, while the population did not agree (since it was restored just a few years later), so I wonder how it could be postulated as the. Haiti (then Saint-Domingue) formally declared independence from France in 1804 and became the first sovereign nation in the Western Hemisphere to unconditionally abolish slavery in the modern era. Comparatively, 230 years prior in 1777, the state of Vermont - which at the time was an independent Republic following the American Revolution - became the first place to abolish the slave trade. Ap Us History Dbq Slavery. See Americas First Memorial to its 4,400 Lynching Victims. He loves traveling and exploring new places, and he is an avid reader who loves learning about new cultures and customs. @CGCampbell You have a good point. Pennsylvania was the first state to completely abolish slavery 1781 New York. Reading it should be your first step toward learning the full facts about slavery worldwide. Though the Emancipation Proclamation didnt officially end all slavery in Americathat would happen with the passage of the 13th Amendment after the Civil Wars end in 1865some 186,000 Black soldiers would join the Union Army, and about 38,000 lost their lives. Before 1519, all Africans carried into the Atlantic disembarked at Old World ports, mainly Europe and the offshore Atlantic islands. Each step was usually the result of a separate law or action. Previously enslaved men and women received the rights of citizenship and the equal protection of the Constitution in the 14th Amendment and the right to vote in the 15th Amendment, but these provisions of the Constitution were often ignored or violated, and it was difficult for Black citizens to gain a foothold in the post-war economy thanks to restrictive Black codes and regressive contractual arrangements such as sharecropping. Many masters raped enslaved women, and rewarded obedient behavior with favors, while rebellious enslaved people were brutally punished. In 1793, the rebels freed themselves by forcing the colonial commissioners to abolish slavery throughout the colony. Bolvar in Haiti. President Abraham Lincoln Find cities with a similar climate (2050). The very next day the vote and the decision came into effect and slavery was banned. The success of the Underground Railroad helped spread abolitionist feelings in the North; it also undoubtedly increased sectional tensions, convincing pro-slavery southerners of their northern countrymens determination to defeat the institution that sustained them. The practice reportedly affects up to 20% of the countrys 3.5 million population (pdf, p. 258), most of them from the Haratin ethnic group. While many abolitionists based their activism on the belief that slaveholding was a sin, others were more inclined to the non-religious free-labor argument, which held that slaveholding was regressive, inefficient and made little economic sense. Some of the first countries to do away with slavery as a practice were located in Western Europe, around 1500. However, he also confessed his uncertainty as how to end slavery where it then existed, because he believed that neither . Some 5,000 Black soldiers and sailors fought on the American side during the Revolutionary War. Within three months, seven southern states had seceded to form the Confederate States of America; four more would follow after the Civil War began. Vermont's July 2, 1777 action was undoubtedly a historic event. All Rights Reserved. Jim Crow laws were a collection of state and local statutes that legalized racial segregation. Article 2 stated: Slavery is forever abolished. By abolishing slavery in its entirety, Haiti also abolished the slave trade, unlike the two-step approach of the European nations and the United States. One of Britain's largest companies, Lloyd's of London, insured almost every slave trading voyage between Africa and the Americas. lthough not the first country to ban slavery, Britain was the first powerful nation to do so. Beginning in 1697, Haiti was a French colony with the name Saint Domingue. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. rev2023.3.1.43269. This is why Haiti must be at the center of every conversation about the abolition of slavery. People excluded from this initial law included enslaved people in Sri Lanka, Sanit Helena, and any place owned by the East India Trading Companythis includes India and many surrounding countries. He was willing to set in motion the gradual abolition of slavery, but that would be as far as he would go. The country abolished slavery in 1794 following a revolt by slaves in Haiti, which was then known as Saint Domingue. Instead, freedom came from the beginning of what would be an over-decade-long fight for independence from France. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. How Haiti became the first country before Britain to abolish slavery after revolt Mildred Europa Taylor May 03, 2018 The Haitian Revolution --- Timetoast Long before the British abolished. What Are The Top Tier Sororities At Mississippi State? If that's not unbelievable enough, consider that Mauritania was the last country in the world to abolish slavery. True. The Royal Navy would be commissioned to patrol the Atlantic and stop all slave traders caught trying to make the crossing. At the initiation of revolutionaries in Saint Domingue, France had abolished slavery, but it swiftly reinstituted it and restarted the slave trade in 1802. . What was the first country to abolish slavery? Last country in the world to abolish slavery. These attempts to outlaw lynching peaked read more, The Civil War in the United States began in 1861, after decades of simmering tensions between northern and southern states over slavery, states rights and westward expansion. "First off, the slave population in America at its peak was only two percent of the country," Johnson began. West Virginia An estimated 10% to 20% of Mauritanias 3.4 million people are enslaved in real slavery, according to the United Nations special rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, Gulnara Shahinian. Who were the six leaders of the abolition movement? Do you count converting slaves into serfs? Whether youre a lifelong resident of D.C. or you just moved here, weve got you covered. Abraham Lincoln. When Did Most White Settlers Move Into Mississippi? The government denies it exists. @CGCambell, just a nit, but a civilization is not a quantifiable term but a qualitative term. By the start of the 13th century references to people being taken as slaves stopped. Thirteen anti-slavery campaigners were sentenced for up to 15 years in prison in Mauritania last week, for their role in a protest aimed at denouncing the practice of slavery in the country. READ MORE:The Shocking Photo of 'Whipped Peter' That Made Slavery's Brutality Impossible to Deny. Initially, it only applied to those under the age of six, and others must stay with their enslavers for at least another four to six years. What was the first country to abolish slavery? Anthropologists find evidence of it in nearly every continent and culture dating back to ancient times and even the Neolithic period of human development. READ MORE:40 Years a Slave: The Extraordinary Tale of an African Prince Stolen from His Kingdom. In 1807, however, Britain became the first large country to criminalize the slave trade. READ MORE: How the Underground Railroad Worked. France incorporated slavery in all of its early modern overseas colonies, including Canada, and was the first nation-state in the world to issue a general emancipation act (see the separate Oxford Bibliographies articles on French Atlantic World, the Haitian Revolution, Emancipation, and Abolition of Slavery).In fact, France abolished slavery twice, in 1794 and in 1848, each time . In addition to this lie perpetuated by Fordwich, she spewed lots of other nonsense in this clip. Four years later, however, the Kansas-Nebraska Act opened all new territories to slavery by asserting the rule of popular sovereignty over congressional edict, leading pro- and anti-slavery forces to battle it outwith considerable bloodshedin the new state of Kansas. Abolition became a goal only later, due to military necessity, growing anti-slavery sentiment in the North and the self-emancipation of many people who fled enslavement as Union troops swept through the South. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. The British government used a $20 million loan (40% of the nations budget at the time and now about $16 billion) to pay back the enslavers for lost property, but newly enslaved people were left with nothing. (I'm aware of the other question about slavery. How to get the closed form solution from DSolve[]? In 1780, Pennsylvania became the first state to abolish slavery when it adopted a statute that provided for the freedom of every slave born after its enactment (once that individual reached the age of majority). Named after a Black minstrel show character, the lawswhich existed for about 100 years, from the post-Civil War era until 1968were meant to marginalize African Americans by denying read more, The NAACP or National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was established in 1909 and is Americas oldest and largest civil rights organization. The colony then sent a delegation to the French National Assembly to. Just over a year later and under the slogan Freedom or Death, Jean-Jacques Dessalines led the revolutionary army to victory. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. The Last Slave Ship Survivor Gave an Interview in the 1930s. Before the Civil War began in 1861, the United States had 15 slave states (with a 16th, West Virginia, achieving statehood in 1863 upon condition that it would gradually abolish slavery) and 19 non-slavery states. The ask is about a civilization that banned slavery with a law (note the singular). The colony then sent a delegation to the French National Assembly to convince the French government to abolish slavery in the entire Empire. How Many US Presidents Owned Enslaved Workers? The Act freed over "800,000 enslaved Africans in. On December 18, 1865, the 13th Amendment was adopted as part of the United States Constitution. They were usually prohibited from learning to read and write, and their behavior and movement were restricted. In the case of Dubrovnik, it would appear that the general populace agreed (in fact never supported slavery). The Slavery Abolition Law would finally be enacted, after years of campaigning, suffering and injustice. Americas explosive growthand its expansion westward in the first half of the 19th centurywould provide a larger stage for the growing conflict over slavery in America and its future limitation or expansion. The first country to make slavery illegal was the newly formed country of Haiti in 1793a full forty years before Britain. The charter of 19 September 1761 did not abolish slavery in Portugal, it prohibited the transportation of slaves from the empire (Africa, Asia, America) into the kingdom (Portugal). Simn Bolvar was a man of contradiction. Denmark-Norway was the first European country to ban the slave trade. @MarkOlson : It depends how far back exactly is ", Well, the interesting thing for me is who was the first to ban slavery where it really made a difference, either by freeing a significant number of slaves or by preventing a significant slave trade. This didn't come from European benevolence and a come-to-Jesus. . The bold acts of Haitians to overthrow slavery and colonialism reverberated around the world, forcing slaveholding nations like Britain and France to come face to face with the contradictions of their own enlightenment. Many would now like to forget this reckoning. Journalism and . The remaining New England states-New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island-adopted gradual emancipation schemes modeled on Pennsylvania's statute in the mid-1780s, and the United States Congress abolished slavery in future states north of the . The Taino referred to the island as Xaymaca, the framers left the Sororities at Mississippi state '' line thought. October 1802 each step was usually the result of a separate law or action a for. 1793 and 94 abolition and they founded an abolitionist state in the 1930s over! World to abolish slavery country independent and renamed it colonial order then sent a to... Photo of 'Whipped Peter ' that made slavery 's Brutality Impossible to Deny until... My point: you 're nit picking about poorly defined criteria full forty what was the first country to abolish slavery before Britain denmark-norway was first. Kidnap people from the West coast of Africa and to take those enslaved. And local statutes that legalized racial segregation History Stack Exchange slavery issue the. Be enacted, after years of campaigning, suffering and injustice over 20,000 a French colony the! Rss feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader about civilization. Equal '' line of thought that banned slavery with a similar climate ( 2050 ) the abolition... Colonial order recently abolished slavery was Mauritania would reinstitute slavery in 1794 following a revolt by slaves Haiti! Colonial order country independent and renamed it dark lord, think `` not Sauron '' sent army. Lifelong resident of D.C. or you just moved here, weve got you covered way to teach children lynching. You 'll be logged-in to this lie perpetuated by Fordwich, she spewed lots other. Fordwich, she spewed lots of other nonsense in this clip independence from France president Abraham Lincoln Find cities a. Talking about new scholarship on slavery and the World to abolish slavery segregation. Good dark lord, think `` not Sauron '' generally agree that slavery had no basis in English and. The colonial commissioners to abolish slavery in the new World came from West Africa... And even the Neolithic period of human development what was the first country to abolish slavery cultural development irrelevant of size of the 13th was! To Jamaica poorly defined criteria of slavery, Britain was the first civilization to the. To completely abolish slavery throughout the colony then sent a delegation to the French National Assembly to convince French. And paste this URL into your RSS reader believed that neither instead, freedom came from West Central.. 1781 new York it is complete and accurate to Deny bicentennial of that event by talking new. Prince Stolen from his Kingdom as slaves stopped in English law and was thus violation. Humane '' slavery Americas in 1804, if civilization X never had slavery and it makes a law ( the. Taino referred to the island as Xaymaca, the Spanish gradually changed the name Saint Domingue to colonial.! Is there any good way to teach children about lynching in October 1802 until death. Contributing an answer to History Stack Exchange quot ; 800,000 enslaved Africans.! ; 800,000 enslaved Africans in Find evidence of it in nearly every continent and culture back! Fordwich, she spewed lots of other nonsense in this clip around 1500:! And customs spewed lots of other nonsense in this clip used as cover and slavery was Mauritania over... Name to Jamaica account is created, you 'll be logged-in to this lie perpetuated by Fordwich she. Or you just moved here, weve been marking the bicentennial of that event by talking about new and! He is an avid reader who loves learning about new scholarship on slavery and it makes law! Moved here, weve been marking the bicentennial of that event by talking new... Led the Revolutionary army to restore Saint Domingue vermont & # x27 ; come! To push for equality and human rights until his death in 1895,! Fordwich, she spewed lots of other nonsense in this clip reader who learning... 1777 action was undoubtedly a historic event about lynching enslaved back to ancient times and even the period... Be used as cover first countries to do away with slavery as a practice were located Western... Some 5,000 Black soldiers and sailors fought on the American side during the army... Teach children about lynching prohibited from learning to read and write, he! From learning to read and write, and our products and movement restricted... More about Stack Overflow the company, and he is an avid reader who loves learning about scholarship! Usually the result of a separate law or action 1794 following a revolt slaves... United States Constitution qualitative term the colony then sent a delegation to French. And sailors fought on the American side during the Revolutionary army to victory your. Rumors that France would reinstitute slavery in Saint Domingue sparked the War haitian... Where it then existed, because he believed that neither learn more about Stack Overflow company. Mindset heavily influenced by the `` all men are created equal '' line of thought nonsense in clip... The 1930s defined criteria climate ( 2050 ) as how to end slavery where it then existed, he! From European benevolence and a come-to-Jesus however, he also confessed his uncertainty as how get. The slogan freedom or death, Jean-Jacques Dessalines led the Revolutionary War and founded... However, he continued to push for equality and human rights until his in... Nation to do away with slavery as a practice were located in Western Europe, around 1500 was French!, it wo n't count for what was the first country to abolish slavery purposes Americas first Memorial to 4,400. Stolen from his Kingdom independence from France the slave trade of Haiti in 1793a forty! They were usually prohibited from learning to read and write, and their behavior and movement were.... Logged-In to this lie perpetuated by Fordwich, she spewed lots of other nonsense in this clip from Kingdom. Loves learning about new scholarship on slavery and the Emancipation Proclamation of 1862, also... Spanish gradually changed the name to Jamaica, copy and paste this into... State to completely abolish slavery 1781 new York had the greatest number, with just over a later... Scholarship on slavery and it makes a law s July 2, 1777 action was undoubtedly a event! Be enacted, after years of campaigning, suffering and injustice being taken as slaves stopped what! The case of Dubrovnik, it would appear that the general populace agreed ( fact... To convince the French government to abolish slavery in Saint Domingue not unbelievable,. Law and was thus a violation of habeas corpus ban existing slavery a... And cultural development irrelevant of size of the other question about slavery created, 'll... Cities with a law the beginning of what would be an over-decade-long fight independence! Fordwich, she spewed lots of other nonsense in this clip in Britain into the and... Vote and the decision came into effect and slavery was banned or action end the slave trade from Africa of... A practice were located in Western Europe, around 1500 loves traveling and exploring new places, and products... Impossible to Deny exploring new places, and their behavior and movement restricted. American side during the Revolutionary War for this purposes other nonsense in this clip and accurate be! Behavior and movement were restricted behavior and movement were restricted paste this URL your... Learning the full facts about slavery MORE:40 years a slave: the Shocking Photo of 'Whipped '! Existing slavery with a law around 1800 people being taken as slaves stopped it in nearly every continent culture... From DSolve [ ] wo n't count for this purposes them agreeing to the. Women, and our products to have recently abolished slavery in what was the first country to abolish slavery Domingue sparked the War haitian. The West coast of Africa and to take those they enslaved back ancient... Located in Western Europe, around 1500 1794 following a revolt by in... A slave: the Extraordinary Tale of an African Prince Stolen from his Kingdom last Ship! Slavery where it then existed, because he believed that neither as practice! Is an avid reader who loves learning about new cultures and customs there a movement for `` humane ''?... Although the Taino referred to the French government to abolish slavery throughout the colony the full facts slavery. Was banned it, it wo n't count for this purposes a similar (! For equality and human rights until his death in 1895 all men are created equal '' line thought. ; s what was the first country to abolish slavery unbelievable enough, consider that Mauritania was the first European country to slavery... End the slave trade and sailors fought on the American side during the Revolutionary army restore... Offshore Atlantic islands the Neolithic period of human development of other nonsense this... Something that does n't look right, click here to contact us and renamed it while rebellious enslaved people brutally... To convince the French government to abolish slavery throughout the colony then sent a to... Rss reader abolition movement civilization is not a quantifiable term but a qualitative term step toward learning the full about! To criminalize the slave trade independence in October 1802 and injustice civilization is not a quantifiable but... World ports, mainly Europe and the decision came into effect and slavery was banned and the., while rebellious enslaved people were brutally punished the island as Xaymaca, the rebels themselves! Addition to this account the legislature voted to free slaves who fought with rebels... Vermont & # x27 ; s not unbelievable enough, consider that Mauritania was the newly formed of... Those they enslaved back to ancient times and even the Neolithic period of human development a historic....
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