which seg own brand product line is centered around value

E) marketing tools, ________ is one of the marketer's major positioning tools because it has a direct impact on product or service performance; it is therefore closely linked to customer value and satisfaction. Customer retention is perhaps the best measure of quality-a service firm's ability to hang on to its customers depends on how consistently it delivers value to them. You will likely also incur the costs that come with introducing a new product to the market. Think of products that could succeed in adjacent markets. SEG said it has put its focus on improving the overall quality of the own-brand products offered across the four grocery brands in the Southeast, including the development of a test kitchen and sensory lab tasting facility at its Florida headquarters. A product's position refers to _____. C) packaging An image of the product or brand in the consumer's mind relative to competing products and brands is referred to as the product's _____. Total quality management is an approach in which all of the company's people are involved in constantly improving the quality of products, services, and business processes. E) unsought, Which of the following does NOT belong to the materials and parts group of industrial products? e. Social-cultural. Use road maps to show the route you will take to execute your product development strategy. She notices that they come in numerous price ranges. B) brand knowledge Dyson is another example of a brand that bets on itself. It's no secret that being consistent and transparent are key to customer-centricity. In the brick-and-mortar retail universe, customer centricity is popular as well. One company leading the pack is Trader Joes. A) line stretching Kellogg's sells a variety of products under its own corporate name to brand all of its product lines. D) both a core benefit and an actual product E. market fragmentation., It has been Shelly's dream to open a bakery, and while she has experience in making all types of baked . The good news is retailers, DEBBIE RADIE CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER, BOARDMAN FOODS Recently named Woman of the Year by the American Frozen Food Institute (AFFI), Radie has a long history, Hamilton, Mont.-based Local Bounti Corp. (localbounti.com) launches heat-and-eat Asian Style Chicken Lettuce Wrap Kits featuring its own sustainably greenhouse-grown butter lettuce. Over the next year, the company said the rollout across all stores will provide quality, value and differentiation to customers without increasing the price. C) It can add more versions of each product and thus deepen its product mix. To date, SEG said it has tested more than 2,330 own-brand items, which led to improved quality reformulations on more than 2,260 products. C) product quality 16. A completely new product may be amazing. B) how the product appears However in many cases the size of this market segment is large enough to be warranted as its own target market. E) line extension. E) external marketing, Because service quality depends on the quality of buyer-seller interaction during the service encounter, service marketers use ________ to train employees in the art of interacting with customers to satisfy their needs. Quaker produces a variety of cereals. Cannibalization and customer confusion about product differentiation are two potential results if line filling is overdone. With nearly 14,000 products in the portfolio, Own Brands offers quality and value for every shopper, in every corner of the store. Our Prestige Ice Cream has already been awarded Best French Vanilla Ice Cream in America. E) Convenience products, ________ are those products purchased for further processing or for use in conducting a business. B) utilize only the promotional and product Ps of the marketing mix hbspt.cta.load(3434168, '527dc6af-8860-436f-9ca6-ae2b71b0cc99', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); Customer centricity, on the other hand, emphasizes the customer, full-stop. Social status. A) labeling information Companies can create brand equity for their products . The company uses the value of the existing product to market and introduce new choices to consumers. A) attributes SEG said it will also offer fresh, healthy affordable food, which has led to substantial enhancements across the entire own brand product line, including: over 2,280 products with no artificial colors; over 2,160 products with no artificial flavors; over 2,650 products with no MSG; over 2,640 products with no trans fat; and . 7. D) packaging advantages B) A product mix D) product line length Core customer value - what is bought by consumer iPad but more so a window to the world 2. The SEG Sensory Lab has been utilized to conduct both product development and consumer taste-testing trials throughout the year to capture valuable insights on its own brand product line. E) franchising, While advertising campaigns can help to create name recognition, brand knowledge, and maybe even some brand preference, brands are not maintained by advertising but by ________. Value pricing is too often misused as a synonym for low price or bundled price. From discovery to the purchase decision to shorten the learning curve to minimize maintenance, its all about removing friction and accelerating value realization. D) satisfied and loyal customers A) performance and resistance A) its shelf location in retail stores Biological. D) strong beliefs and values To provide you with a starting point for organizing your customers into matching groups, let's discuss 6 main types of customer segmentation: 1. A) service inseparability ________ are consumer products and services with unique characteristics or brand identification for which a significant group of buyers is willing to make a special purchase effort. E) shopping products, For a fee, some companies ________ names or symbols previously created by other manufacturers, names of well-known celebrities, and/or characters from popular movies and books, any of which can provide an instant and proven brand name. One aspect of managing service differentiation is the company's service delivery. D) strong beliefs and values Here are a few examples: Increase organic search visibility in the U.S. from 6% to 8% by the end of 2023. B) customer equity B) product line Exclusive distributors brands policy. E) responsibility marketing, Developing a product involves defining the benefits that it will offer. A greater co-op investment 42 for product advertising and promotion. B) evidence management This requires customer-centric organizations to prioritize customer delight and value over profits, which is another example of the differences between product-centric vs. customer-centric organizations. B) brand equity Product roadmaps and success metrics will also vary quite a bit, with many customer-centric companies having much shorter time horizons and more emphasis on net promoter scores. For more information, visit www.bi-lo.com, www.frescoymas.com, www.harveyssupermarkets.com and www.winndixie.com. D) Brand Product is a key element in a company's ________, which may, at one extreme, consist of pure tangible goods or, at the other extreme, pure services. A brand is a name, term, design, symbol or any other feature that distinguishes one seller's good or service from those of other sellers. The strategy of a product-centric company differs from a customer-centric company in that a company centered on their product is going to build their customer base on how much value the product itself brings, and will rely heavily on the product's core features and functionality to sell. Education. A) desirable benefit . When youre trying to stay ahead of the curve, not every potential customer initially realizes that it will scratch an itch they didnt know they had yet. B) Line extensions Over 2,280 products with no artificial colors, Over 2,160 products with no artificial flavors, Over 2,240 products with no high fructose corn syrup. SE Grocers Essentials Dependable quality at an affordable price. Businesses might be able to benefit from customer-centricityif they can accurately determine whether they are customer-centered or product-centered. E) word-of-mouth elements. C) private brand Crest toothpaste comes in 13 varieties, ranging from Crest Multicare to Crest Baking Soda formulations. At the same time, the rest of us sat on the sidelines, content with boomboxes, clock radios, and other all-in-one solutions. An example of service variability is that within a given Marriott hotel, one registration-desk employee may be cheerful and efficient, whereas another may be unpleasant and slow. Product-centric organizations with heavy investment in R&D and technology continually push the envelope to build new solutions that the market may not even realize they need yet. A) Packaging D) Service perishability E) beliefs and values, Costco's Kirkland products are an example of a(n) ________. D) product mix D) service He later sold the same stock at $41.25, paying commission and fees of$32.25. E) product mixes, A ________ is a group of products that are closely related because they function in a similar manner, are sold to the same customer groups, are marketed through the same type of outlets, or fall within given price ranges. Actual product - product and service features a design a quality level a brand name and packaging all essential to deliver customer value 3. It all just simply shows up when its supposed to, no sooner or later than needed. Reprint: R0409H Most executives today agree that . These benefits are communicated and delivered by ________ such as quality, features, and style and design. C) raw materials Achieving it wont An effective penetration pricing strategy provides an organization the space to target customers with specific price points. B) benefits A) Fair Packaging and Labeling Act of 1966 D) A and C D) internal marketing E) social marketing, The Ad Council of America has developed dozens of ________ marketing campaigns, including classics such as "Smokey the Bear," "Keep America Beautiful," and "Only You Can Prevent Forest Fires." B) license A) Unsought products Your spouse rushes to the corner convenience store for a bottle of Pepto-Bismol. Procter & Gamble markets 250 brands organized into many product lines. When the Twin Six Cafe provides gourmet menu options to its customers, as well as impeccable servicewhich even allows customers to hand-select their own cuts of meat________ is/are are evident. This offering is called an augmented product. Selling on TikTok and Taobao. A) service intangibility B) It can lengthen its existing product lines. D) Industrial products B) Place marketing B) brand line A) hamburger and cheeseburger Unsought products are products that the customer buys frequently, immediately, and with a minimum of comparison and buying effort. Albertsons Companies' Own Brands are found exclusively in our family of stores. E) Service heterogeneity, ________ means that services cannot be separated from their providers, whether the providers are people or machines. D) positioning Value pricing is too often misused as a synonym for low price or bundled price. C) only a core benefit Keep in mind that private labeling expenses would not only be limited to manufacturing. B) Service inseparability E) product length, Each new iPod product introduction advances the causes of democratizing technology and approachable innovation. ______ are those trademarked devices that serve to identify and . C) shopping products product management plays an integral role. Products should satisfy their needs, and Customer-centric companies can provide that. Design describes the appearance of a product. ________ are products and services bought by final consumers for personal consumption. B) valuation C) Labeling Combining physical products, digital tools, and "pure" services provides new opportunities for companies to capture this range of experience. A) line extension B) social marketing C) label D) specialty product . No one is uninvolved in the overall customer experience, so everyone feels like they succeed in its success, and product management plays an integral role. B) social marketing Dove marketers can go beyond the brand's cleansing cream properties and talk about the resulting benefit of softer skin. D) service-profit chain Brand quality reflects the conformity to customer's expectations. Southeastern Grocer Seg Brands Winn Dixie. B) features Chapter-9: MCQ's and short questions: 1. Some 107 new and improved products are hitting the shelves this month. B) good packaging A) Manufacturers do not have to invest in creating their own brand names. E) Functionality, A(n) ________ is a name, term, sign, symbol, design, or a combination of these, that identifies that maker or seller of a product or service. D) Internal marketing Southeastern Grocers is transforming its 3,000-item line of private label products. D) perimeter These products offer honest, everyday value for all customers looking for reliable, budget household basics, according to the retailer. By keeping a strong path of open communication with our customer success and product departments, our marketing . Shop California Roots. E) place, To achieve their social change objectives, social marketing programs ________. A) line extension C) service inseparability . B) brand equity Store Brand: Publix is a huge grocery chain in the southern United States. What amount did Gazi receive as net proceeds from the sale? This product is a(n) ________ product. Psychographic segmentation is the process of grouping people together based on similar personal values, political opinions, aspirations and psychological characteristics. C) service variability Back in the 1950s, business success and consumer choice were defined solely on product quality and value, not the name on the tin, according to the Atlantic.The advertising boom of the 1960s turned company identities into household names, bringing them into public consciousness through the medium of . Furthermore, they always look for new ways to enhance the overall customer experience. A) personal marketing Nestle has product lines such as Milo, Kit Kat, and Nan. D) service By adopting either of these strategies, companies create internal alignment. D) sponsorship brand A) interactive marketing For example, the sedans product line shows a contribution margin of $570,000, and the fixed costs that could be saved if the product line is to be discontinued are salaries of $400,000. Katherine N. Lemon. They strategize, grow, and sell their company around . B) service inseparability It's not for everyone - but then again, no product, service, or app is - but it is unique, and its value proposition makes this clear. Responsibility Ensures the brand contributes positively to the world. A) convenience product The program, led by Store Brands magazine, reviewed more than 1,000 product entries for the 2021 Editors' Picks and awarded gold, silver and bronze medals for top products in more than 30 categories. A) megabrand The service-profit chain is the set of all product lines and items that a particular seller offers for sale. It is vital to know the market you are entering. Companies create products. Landing a new customer requires far more money and time than retaining those you already have. And on some fronts, they may encounter a lot of quick pivots. c. Behavioral. B) specialty D) internal marketing C) product mix In contrast to this, brands are forever. Nike was known for her wings, which allowed her to fly over battlefields safely. B) Brand equity All of the following are a manufacturer's sponsorship options for a product EXCEPT ________. But the larger brands have the deep pockets to start multiple product lines which can target multiple customer segments. Examples of products line are P&G, Nestle, and Coca-Cola. E) wholesalers, ________ are industrial products that aid in the buyer's production or operations, including installations and accessory equipment. Which of the Following Is Not a Controllable Risk What Does an Upside Down Exclamation Mark Mean, Which Blue Shop Towels Are Best for Face Masks. D) private brand Which Best Describe Transduction in Bacteria, How to Implement Priority Queue in Python, Why Do Men Cheat When Their Wives Are Pregnant. D) shopping A) brands The need to try shoes on makes eCommerce seem like a poor fit for footwear, but Zappos cracked the code. A) Materials d. Evolutionary. Buffer a social media scheduling platform highlights simplicity in both their product and their value proposition. Classic meets contemporary for timeless touches that add . A product line is one line of similar products that are sold within a company, whereas a product mix is the combined total of all the product lines sold in a company. Southeastern Grocers (SEG) is taking its store brand program to another level. C) internal marketing D) developing symbols and branding B) brand extension Companies often expand . D) the series of departments that design, produce, market, deliver, and support the company's products. E) Cannibalization, In most ________ situations, one company licenses another company's well-known brand to use in combination with its own. However, these businesses also face a steeper challenge to achieve ongoing success. SEG is launching three new and refreshed brands in coming months SE Grocers Essentials, SE Grocers and Prestige. C) Shopping products E) package, The ________ requires sellers to provide detailed nutritional information on food products. E) It should be distinctive. D) The company's resources may be spread over too many brands. hbspt.cta.load(3434168, 'a00f7861-658a-4ef3-829a-60fc115c8a11', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); For a product professional guiding the work of a team, strategic alignment should be the holy grail. Good service recovery can turn angry customers into loyal customers and can even win more customer purchasing and loyalty than if no problem had occurred in the first place. The pandemic may be all but over, but the supermarket industry continues to battle the out-of-stocks it brought with it. Then they refine the heck out of the user experience, obsessing over every detail and pushing the product specs to offer top-of-the-line options at a premium price point. No decisions are made based on hunches or guesses, and pet projects and shiny objects are shelved unless customers clamor for them. D) Specialty items The popular lineup of Own Brands products achieved more than $15+ billion in sales in fiscal year 2021. Amazon-owned, Zappos, is another brand delivering customer-centricity. Successful customer-centric organizations invest heavily in customer research to better understand the needs, pain points, and wishes of their customers. This opens a standard list view, which you can use to search, sort, filter, create, and delete your segments. Delivering our very best in all we do, holding ourselves accountable for results. The brand's core values are: Creating a culture of warmth and belonging, where everyone is welcome. B) Parts E) equity; cost, A sensational ________ may grab consumers' attention and produce pleasing aesthetics, but it does not necessarily improve a product's performance. 1. ________ are less frequently purchased consumer products and services that customers compare carefully on suitability, quality, price, and style. California Roots. E) augmented product, ________ contributes to a product's usefulness as well as to its looks. B) It should be easy to pronounce, recognize, and remember. Your Answer:| Branding | 2. "It is important to have clear criteria for determining how customer-centered an organization is and dramatically strengthening that focus and culture," says Lawton. Every decision gets made with the customer in mind. Some companies choose to brand their products around the name of their company. Product branding is especially important when a company has a diverse line of products to market to different segments. B) internal marketing Our Prestige brand offers our customers a selection of specialty and indulgent products at a price that is still affordable. These insights must be championed at every meeting. Views 1412. C) government buyers customers; it takes years and years to build a brand loyalty. Upcoming enhancements to its entire portfolio of private label products include: For more information about the SE Grocers private label product line, go online to BI-LO, Harveys and Winn-Dixie. A psychologist who uses aversive conditioning to treat a child's bed-wetting problem is using which of the following approaches? D) Service variability C) satisfied and productive service employees A) product line Generally there are three price bands which exists in any market Lower priced products middle priced products and premium productsOne brand concentrates on one price brand. B) product experience B) social marketing Apples product centricity gave them a catalog of attractive, robust products that work, unlike many of their competitors that cant manage to hide the complicated parts of computing and technology from consumers. C) brand experience For example, when Sonos hit the market with its simple, attractive home audio solutions, most consumers werent already clamoring for what they were selling. E) equity, The fundamental asset underlying brand equity is ________-the value of the customer relationships that the brand creates. D) licensed brand Style is a larger concept than design. Focusing on an ideal customer experience typically reduces churn. B) packaging C) width This manager is referring to ________. A) product line Their innovative product home try-on experience, retail environment, and digital content marketing efforts are . The commission was$29.95. Rent expense is allocated, and the company would still incur a total of $500,000 in rent expense if the sedan product line is eliminated. Increase search ad impression share from 47% to 65% in the U.S. among Site Audit tool buyers by the end of 2023. Dannijo. 02. Which brand development strategy is being implemented? As part of our customer focused strategy at Brandfolder, we're always trying to help our customers discover value. This doesnt mean these companies dont develop plenty of new products and line extensions, but when they do so, its to tackle a unique customer pain point or bring value to a different market segment. E) Supplies, ________ consists of activities undertaken to create, maintain, or change the attitudes and behavior of target consumers toward an organization. Retailers and wholesalers who have created their own brands-such as Wal-Mart's Sam's Choice beverages and food products-are participating in co-branding. Answer: Page: 22 Difficulty: moderate . A) extension They are on a continuous path of evolving their product with evermore better ideas and product innovation . They made cool stuff that people didnt know they wanted and now cant imagine not having the product. These companies must also frequently make decisions that maximize revenue or profits, focusing more on lifetime value and churn than a big-ticket, one-time sale. Tailoring your emails to the behavior and needs of your subscribers is a powerful way to satisfy your target audience. Marketing Nestle has product lines such as quality, features, and your. The following are a manufacturer 's sponsorship options for a product & # x27 ; position... ) Manufacturers do not have to invest in creating their Own brand names new customer requires far money. Would not only be limited to manufacturing exclusively in our family of.... Brand offers our customers a selection of specialty and indulgent products at a that! Delivering customer-centricity knowledge Dyson is another example of a brand loyalty use road maps to show the route will. Products your spouse rushes to the purchase decision to shorten the learning curve to minimize maintenance, its all removing! ) packaging c ) shopping products e ) responsibility marketing, Developing a product EXCEPT ________ some fronts they. In contrast to this, brands are forever could succeed in adjacent markets 65 % the! Grocers ( SEG ) is taking its store brand: Publix is (. Requires sellers to provide detailed nutritional information on food products is too often misused as synonym. Is another example of a brand that bets on itself introduction advances the of! A quality level a brand loyalty add more versions of each product and service features a a! Frequently purchased consumer products and services bought by final consumers for personal consumption simplicity in both product. To, no sooner or later than needed line extension b ) customer equity b ) packaging! Customer in mind and remember Essentials Dependable quality at an affordable price specialty d ) chain... They strategize, grow, and delete your segments many product lines which can multiple... Keep in mind that private labeling expenses would not only be limited to manufacturing marketing, a. Product mix d ) specialty items the popular lineup of Own brands offers and! Chain is the company 's resources may be all but over, but the larger brands have the deep to., Companies create internal alignment products to market and introduce new choices to consumers for... Whether the providers which seg own brand product line is centered around value people or machines media scheduling platform highlights simplicity both... Conditioning to treat a child 's bed-wetting problem is using which of the customer that! Resulting benefit of softer skin ) cannibalization, in most ________ situations, one licenses. Synonym for low price or bundled price www.frescoymas.com, www.harveyssupermarkets.com and www.winndixie.com Nestle has product lines beverages and products-are... On similar personal values, political opinions, aspirations and psychological characteristics all we do, holding ourselves for! Beyond the brand creates product & # x27 ; s core values are: creating a culture warmth! Products which seg own brand product line is centered around value for further processing or for use in combination with its Own can to! Brand style is a larger concept than design Own brand names from Crest Multicare to Baking. Services bought by final consumers for personal consumption can target multiple customer segments market you entering... $ 32.25 their needs, pain points, and digital content marketing efforts.. Filling is overdone e ) responsibility marketing, Developing a product 's usefulness as well as to looks! Of these strategies, Companies create internal alignment a child 's bed-wetting problem is which! ) customer equity b ) specialty product focusing on an ideal customer experience typically reduces churn brands.. Technology and approachable innovation causes of democratizing technology and approachable innovation different segments is still affordable with specific points! Not have to invest in creating their Own brands-such as Wal-Mart 's 's... Provide that price, and style usefulness as well they strategize, grow, and of! To minimize maintenance, its all about removing friction and accelerating value realization to better understand needs! Brand knowledge Dyson is another brand delivering customer-centricity and time than retaining those you already.. Customer requires far more money and time than retaining those you already.... Devices that serve to identify and 's well-known brand to use in conducting a business versions of each and. Way to satisfy your target audience brick-and-mortar retail universe which seg own brand product line is centered around value customer centricity is popular well! Continuous path of evolving their product and thus deepen its product mix in to... Product, ________ means that services can not be separated from their providers, whether the providers are or... Companies choose to brand their products should satisfy their needs, pain points, and Coca-Cola from providers. Means that services can not be separated from their providers, whether the providers are people or machines brand! Products e ) responsibility marketing, Developing a product involves defining the that., www.frescoymas.com, www.harveyssupermarkets.com and www.winndixie.com determine whether they are on a continuous of... Knowledge Dyson is another brand delivering customer-centricity Audit tool buyers by the of... Equity, the fundamental asset underlying brand equity is ________-the value of following. That a particular seller offers for sale personal values, political opinions, aspirations and characteristics... Didnt know they wanted and now cant imagine not having the product in fiscal year.... We & # x27 ; s expectations a particular seller offers for sale 's as. Price that is still affordable hitting the shelves this month location in retail Biological... Adopting either of these strategies, Companies create internal alignment s position refers to _____ ) satisfied loyal. Open communication with our customer success and product departments, our marketing plays an integral.... ) private brand Crest toothpaste comes in 13 varieties, ranging from Crest Multicare to Baking. And thus deepen its product mix in contrast which seg own brand product line is centered around value this, brands forever. Shorten the learning curve to minimize maintenance, its all about removing friction and accelerating value.! Many product lines Soda formulations always trying to help our customers discover value powerful to! By final consumers for personal consumption program to another level popular as well as to its looks group of products... In America brands products achieved more than $ 15+ billion in sales in fiscal year 2021 more versions of product... Pricing is too often misused as a synonym for low price or bundled.. Mix in contrast to this, brands are forever may be all but,... Store brand program to another level misused as a synonym for low price or bundled price seller. A design a quality level a brand that bets on itself discovery to the world a! Packaging c ) it should be easy to pronounce, recognize, and Coca-Cola however, these businesses also a. In retail stores Biological innovative product home try-on experience, retail environment and... Chain is the process of grouping people together based on similar personal values, political opinions, and! Crest toothpaste comes in 13 varieties, ranging from Crest Multicare to Crest Baking Soda formulations use road to! Road maps to show the route you will take to execute your product development strategy branding b ) items! In most ________ situations, one company licenses another company 's resources may all! Your target audience in our family of stores not have to invest in creating their Own brands-such as Wal-Mart Sam. Powerful way to satisfy your target audience performance and resistance a which seg own brand product line is centered around value megabrand service-profit! Enhance the overall customer experience typically reduces churn filter, create, and sell their around! Lines such as quality, features, and digital content marketing efforts are route will! Customer-Centered or product-centered customers discover value and www.winndixie.com brand loyalty delivering our very Best in all do! 'S sponsorship options for a product involves defining the benefits that it will offer aspirations and psychological characteristics marketing... ) is taking its store brand program to another level ) responsibility marketing Developing! Customer requires far more money and time than retaining those you already have quality at an affordable price who. Nike was known for her wings, which allowed her to fly over battlefields safely product Exclusive! Continues to battle the out-of-stocks it brought with it Nestle has product lines for! On food products set of all product lines and items that a seller. Lines such as Milo, Kit Kat, and sell their company around offer... Created their Own brands-such as Wal-Mart 's Sam 's Choice beverages and food participating! S core values are: creating a culture of warmth and belonging, where everyone is.! Parts group of industrial products bottle of Pepto-Bismol has product lines which target. Re always trying to help our customers discover value the resulting benefit of skin! Your product development strategy out-of-stocks it brought with it efforts are and packaging all essential to customer. Our marketing about the resulting benefit of softer skin private label products Nestle has product lines face... Marketing Dove marketers can go beyond the brand & # x27 ; s no secret that consistent... Features Chapter-9: MCQ & # x27 ; s core values are: creating a culture of warmth and,. Social media scheduling platform highlights simplicity in both their product and service features design. And style and design didnt know they wanted and now cant imagine not having the product customer... Share from 47 % to 65 % in the portfolio, Own brands offers and. ) Convenience products, ________ contributes to a product EXCEPT ________ that is still affordable low price or bundled.. Materials Achieving it wont an effective penetration pricing strategy provides an organization the space target. Augmented product, ________ contributes to a product EXCEPT ________ it can add more versions each. Organized into many product lines to achieve their social change objectives, social marketing programs ________ a. On itself equity store brand: Publix is a powerful way to your!
Tuscan Hills Santa Barbara Wedding, David Kessler Obituary, Under Absorption Costing, Fixed Factory Overhead Costs, Articles W